Category Archives: computer

利用BASH脚本运行IDL程序、创建子目录或删除文件

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有时候你想在一个目录的所有子目录下批量建立文件夹，并且批量的运行这些子目录内新建立好的文件夹内的 IDL 程序，以下是一种可能的解决途径，如果你有更好的方法，欢迎告诉我

Here are the things I want to do:

  1.  I have a data folder containing many sources, like Arp220, NGC981, etc.. Each of them possesses a folder under the whole data folder (./source/Arp220, ./source/NGC891, …). I want to create a subfolder named “plot” under each sources folder, e.g., ./source/Arp220/plot.
  2. And then I want to copy the IDL routine to each “plot” folder I just created and run all the PRO routines at one time.

Here is a bash script being able to do such things:

#!/bin/bash
for i in $(ls -d */); do mkdir -p $i/'plot'; done
for i in $(ls -d */); do cp ./r_name.pro $i/'plot'/; done
for i in $(ls -d */); do cd $PWD/$i/'plot';idl -e ".r ./r_name.pro"; cd ../.. ; done

The first line means creating a “plot” folder under all the subfolders under you present folder. And the next line is to copy the IDL routine (r_name.pro) to each “plot” folder you created. The last line runs all the IDL routines.

顺便再提一个操作，即“批量删除某个目录下所有子目录中包含”X”关键词的文件”。这个可以用一句话可以解决：

find ./* -type f|grep X|while read file; do rm "$file"; done

比如你要删除“./you suck/arXiv.pdf“这种文件。上面那句话中 -type f|grep X|while read file 是为了保证有空格的目录也可以被写入到一个变量里面。

在一些大神的提示下，我学到了更简单的做法，比如：

find ./* -type f -name "*X*" -exec rm {} \;

Obfuscated ssh Client under Linux

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SSH is a powerful tool not only for astronomers. We often use it to download observation data from the observatory’s server or run some complicated programs on remote (overseas) servers. But for the reason as we all know, the SSH tunnels are always being obstructed. So we need some technique to get over such obstruction. Therefore, the obfuscated SSH turns out to be a sufficient method.

I will describe how to use obfuscated SSH_TUNNEL under Linux as below:
(Original Code: Here)

INSTALLATION:

wget http://aenes.googlecode.com/files/brl-obfuscated-openssh.zip
unzip brl-obfuscated-openssh.zip
cd ./brl-obfuscated*
./configure  --prefix=/usr/local/newssh --sysconfdir=/etc/newssh
make
make install

Then you need to configure the ssh server following the guide here.

USAGE:
Then use this to run the ssh client:

/usr/local/newssh/bin/ssh -N -v -Z ObfuscateKeyWord -p ***** username@hostname -D 127.0.0.1:7070

There are 4 parameters you need to specify: “ObfuscateKeyWord” is the obfuscated keyword you set in the configuration file (sshd_config) of the server, “*****” is the ssh server port number, “username” and “hostname” are as the name described.

Least-Squares Fitting of data containing errors

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(This is a note personal only! )

There is a powerful tool dealing with data containing both “X” and “Y” errors to make a lease-square fitting in IDL, that is mpfit. This routine allows you to use a self-defined function to do the fitting. Also, you can set up some conditions such as the parameters’ limit or fixed parameters etc. This is fabulous! So beginning with the actual astronomical data have errors both in “X” and “Y”, you need to use a function called “linfitex” (you can see more info from the mpfit website) to both define the function you want to fit and calculate the least-square needed in the fitting. Here is an example of the function:

FUCNTION myfunct, p, x=x, y=y \$
     , sigma_x=sigma_x, sigma_y=sigma_y, _EXTRA=extra
  a = p[0]
  b = p[1]
  f = a*alog10(X)+b
;#########calculate the derivative of the function#########
;##put into resid as (y-f)/sqrt(sigma_y^2+(y'*sigma_x)^2)## 
  resid = (y - f)/sqrt(sigma_y^2 + (a/(x*alog(10))*sigma_x)^2) 
RETURN, resid

In the code above I just defined a function as

    \[y=a \log_{10} (b)+c\]

Then you can read your data. and when you want to fit the data, just using mpfit as:

p      = [1,1,1]
p[1]   = 1         
p[2]   = 2
p[3]   = 3 ;initial guess of the parameters
param  = MPFIT('MYFUNCT', params,\$
      FUNCTARGS={X:x,Y:y,SIGMA_X:x_er,SIGMA_Y:y_er}, PERROR=p_er)

The FUNCTARGS is the place where your data go into the function. And then you can find the results of the parameters from the fitting by print “param” and also the 1σ error from printing p_er. If you only have the error on “Y”, you can use a function like this:

FUNCTION myfunct, p, x=x, y=y, er=er
  a = p[0]     
  b = p[1]
  c = p[2]
  f = a*alog10(b)+c
RETURN, (y-f)/er
END

And then using the same way described above to call “mpfit” and get the results and errors.

Here is also a PYTHON version of this procedure.

OSS 声卡驱动过期解决办法

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前几天电脑没声音了，然后杯具的发现自己的OSS声卡驱动到期了（由于本人电脑的声卡极端特殊，所以当时只有OSS能够驱动）。突然意识到自己之前安装的OSS驱动rpm包到期了，提示我说

＊Your Open Sound System evaluation license has expired oss4.2＊

然后我就在Google的帮助下寻找各种办法解决。后来得到某人的提示，对啊：既然OSS的全称是Open Sound System，那么它一定得是符合GPL的吧。于是自己又再次到４front的网站上仔细看了看，发现source包的确是免费的，而编译好的rpm包是要收费的，试用期为6个月，之后就不能用了……好囧。于是今天动手亲自编译了一把，然后，我又重新会到了有声的世界。而且其实编译的过程一点也不复杂，所以，如果你需要的话，就从这里下载吧，然后自己动手，丰衣足食！